King of the Ring of Fire
Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha‘apai is a giant volcano under the South Pacific Ocean, 3,000km (1,860mi) east of Australia. The January 15, 2022, eruption of Hunga Tonga propelled a huge dome of water and volcanic ash up through the entire stratosphere and into the mesosphere where meteors burn up (Figure A). It’s the highest eruption ever observed. While Krakatoa and […]